Urubuga rw'Abadage "Economic Weekly" rwasohoye inkuru ifite umutwe ugira uti "Ibi biribwa bishobora gucapwa n'imashini zicapa za 3D" ku ya 25 Ukuboza. Umwanditsi ni Christina Holland. Ibikubiye muri iyo nkuru ni ibi bikurikira:
Umunwa wasutsemo ikintu gifite ibara ry'inyama ubudasiba maze ugishyira ku rundi ruhande. Nyuma y'iminota 20, hagaragaye ikintu gifite ishusho y'uruziga. Kisa neza cyane n'inyama. Ese Umuyapani Hideo Oda yatekereje kuri ibi bishoboka ubwo yageragezaga bwa mbere "gukora prototyping byihuse" (ni ukuvuga gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D) mu myaka ya 1980? Oda yari umwe mu bashakashatsi ba mbere basuzumye neza uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho ku rundi ruhande.
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, ikoranabuhanga nk'iryo ryatejwe imbere cyane cyane mu Bufaransa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Kuva mu myaka ya 1990, ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere cyane. Nyuma y'uko ibikorwa byinshi byo gukora inyongeramusaruro bigeze ku rwego rw'ubucuruzi, inganda n'itangazamakuru ni byo byabonye iri koranabuhanga rishya: Amakuru y'amakuru yerekeye impyiko za mbere zacapwe n'inganda z'inyongera yagejeje ku bantu bose icapiro rya 3D.
Kugeza mu 2005, imashini zicapa za 3D zari ibikoresho by’inganda gusa bitari kugerwaho n’abakiriya kuko zari nini, zihenze kandi akenshi zarinzwe na patenti. Ariko, isoko ryahindutse cyane kuva mu 2012—imashini zicapa za 3D z’ibiribwa ntizikiri iz’abantu badafite intego gusa.
Inyama zindi
Muri rusange, ibiryo byose bya paste cyangwa puree bishobora gucapwa. Inyama za vegan zacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D muri iki gihe zirimo kwitabwaho cyane. Amasosiyete menshi mato mato yabonye amahirwe menshi y'ubucuruzi kuri iyi nzira. Ibikoresho by'ibanze bikomoka ku bimera byacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D birimo amashaza n'umuceri. Uburyo bwo gukora ku buryo butandukanye bugomba gukora ikintu abakora inyama gakondo batashoboye gukora mu myaka myinshi ishize: Inyama z'ibikomoka ku bimera ntizigomba gusa n'inyama gusa, ahubwo zigomba no kuryoha hafi y'inyama z'inka cyangwa ingurube. Byongeye kandi, ikintu cyacapwe ntabwo kikiri inyama ya hamburger yoroshye kwigana: Hashize igihe gito, isosiyete mato mato yo muri Isiraheli yitwa "Redefining Meat" yatangije filet mignon ya mbere yacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D.
Inyama Nyayo
Hagati aho, mu Buyapani, abantu bateye imbere kurushaho: Mu 2021, abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Osaka bakoresheje uturemangingo tw’inyama zo mu bwoko bw’inyama nziza za Wagyu kugira ngo bakure ingirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye z’ibinyabuzima (ibinure, imitsi n’imitsi y’amaraso), hanyuma bakoresha imashini zicapa za 3D kugira ngo zicape. Zishyizwe hamwe. Abashakashatsi bizeye kwigana izindi nyama zigoye muri ubu buryo. Umuhinzi w’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga w’Abayapani witwa Shimadzu arateganya gufatanya na Kaminuza ya Osaka kugira ngo bakore imashini icapa ya 3D ishobora gukora iyi nyama nyinshi mu mwaka wa 2025.
Shokora
Imashini zicapa za 3D zo mu rugo ziracyari nke mu isi y'ibiribwa, ariko imashini zicapa za shokora za 3D ni imwe mu ntoki nke. Imashini zicapa za shokora za 3D zigura amayero arenga 500. Agace k'ishokora gakomeye kaba amazi mu ruhu, hanyuma kagacapa mu buryo bwagenwe cyangwa mu nyandiko. Amaduka acuruza keke yatangiye no gukoresha imashini zicapa za shokora za 3D kugira ngo bakore imiterere cyangwa inyandiko bigoye cyangwa idashoboka gukora mu buryo busanzwe.
Salmon y'ibikomoka ku bimera
Muri iki gihe ubwo salmon yo mu gasozi yo muri Atalantika irimo kurobwa cyane, inyama z’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zikomoka mu bworozi bunini bwa salmon hafi ya zose ziba zandujwe n’udukoko, ibisigazwa by’imiti (nk’imiti igabanya ubukana), n’ibyuma bikomeye. Muri iki gihe, hari ibigo bishya birimo gutanga ubundi buryo ku baguzi bakunda salmon ariko ntibakunda kurya amafi kubera ibidukikije cyangwa impamvu z’ubuzima. Ba rwiyemezamirimo bakiri bato bo muri Lovol Foods muri Otirishiya barimo gukora salmon y’umwotsi bakoresheje poroteyine y’amashaza (kugira ngo bigane imiterere y’inyama), karoti (kugira ngo irange) n’ibimera byo mu nyanja (kugira ngo biryohe).
Pizza
Ndetse na pizza ishobora gucapwa mu buryo bwa 3D. Ariko, gucapa pizza bisaba utuzingo twinshi: kamwe kuri buri ifu, akandi kuri isosi y'inyanya n'akandi kuri foromaje. Imashini icapa ishobora gucapa pizza z'imiterere itandukanye binyuze mu nzira nyinshi. Gukoresha ibi bikoresho bifata umunota umwe gusa. Ingorane ni uko ibintu abantu bakunda byo hejuru ntibishobora gucapwa, kandi niba ushaka ibindi birungo kurusha pizza yawe ya margherita, ugomba kubishyiramo intoki.
Pizza zacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D zavuzwe cyane mu 2013 ubwo NASA yateraga inkunga umushinga ugamije guha abahanga mu by’ikirere bazaza muri Mars ibiryo bishya.
Imashini zicapa za 3D zo muri sosiyete y’ubutasi ya Natural Health yo muri Espagne nazo zishobora gucapa pizza. Ariko, iyi mashini irahenze: urubuga rwemewe rugurishwa ku madolari 6,000.
Noodle
Mu 2016, Barilla, uruganda rukora amakaroni, rwerekanye imashini icapa ya 3D ikoresha ifu y'ingano ya durum n'amazi mu gucapa makaroni mu buryo budashobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo gakondo bwo kuyakora. Hagati mu 2022, Barilla yashyize ahagaragara imiterere yayo ya mbere 15 ya makaroni icapwa. Ibiciro biri hagati ya 25 na 57 by'amayero kuri buri serivisi ya makaroni yihariye, bigamije resitora zihenze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2023
